A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted at the maternity unit of kenyatta national hospital in nairobi, kenya in december 20. Profile of preterm and low birth weight prevention. Below normal birth weight in the northwest part of ethiopia. Lbw contributes to 60% to 80% of all neonatal deaths. Low birthweight a babys low weight at birth is either the result of preterm birth before 37 weeks of gestation or of restricted foetal intrauterine growth.
Data presented highlight a number of risk factors relevant to preterm and low birth weight in kenya as well as the coverage of important care for women and newborns from pregnancy, labor and delivery and the postnatal period. Data presented highlight a number of risk factors relevant to preterm and low birth weight in uganda as well as the coverage of important care for women and newborns from pregnancy, labor and delivery and the postnatal period. Low birth weight in perinatally hivexposed uninfected infants. Factors associated with low birth weight among neonates born at. A health facility based casecontrol study on determinants of. Low birth weight and its associated factors in ethiopia. Estimated risk of placental infection and low birthweight. Pdf ninetytwo percent of low birth weightlbw infants are born in developing. Pdf this paper reports on a study carried out to determine the incidence of low birth weight in a rural hospital in meru district, kenya, and to. For example, welsh women who were first diagnosed with anemia hemoglobin birth weight lies between 2. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight in the northwest part of ethiopia. Postpartum depression can compromise caregiving activities, including infant feeding practices, resulting in child malnutrition. Low birth weight newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams at birth, due to prematurity andor. Pdf factors associated with low birth weight among neonates.
Page 4 2014 kenya demographic and health survey age at first marriage, sexual intercourse and birth six in ten women and 5 in 10 men age 1549 are currently married or living together. Pdf factors associated with low birth weight among. Low birth weight is associated with various adverse health outcomes such as fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, impaired cognitive. For live births, birthweight should preferably be measured within the first hour of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred. Thus, it is worth investigating the role of nutritional factors as determinants of low birth weight to suggest. In this study, we determined the maternal factors that contribute to low birth weight lbw deliveries in tshwane district, south africa. There are no documented cutoff values of public health significance for low birth weight in kenya or internationally. Pdf determinants of low birth weight in the context of. Problem statement more than 20 million infants worldwide, representing 15. Ninetytwo percent of low birth weightlbw infants are born in. To assess the impact of a syphilis control programme of pregnant women on pregnancy outcome in kenya. Maternal factors contributing to low birth weight deliveries. The study examined the relationship between oral health status periodontal disease and carious pulpal exposure cpe and preterm low birth weight ptlbw infant deliveries among tanzanianafrican mothers at muhimbili national hospital mnh, tanzania.
This study was aimed to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight in ethiopia. Empirical data from throughout africa on associations between placental malaria and birth weight outcome, birth weight outcome and infant mortality. This study determined the prevalence of preterm birth and the factors associated with preterm delivery at kenyatta national hospital in nairobi, kenya. There is a substantial amount of evidence showing that maternal iron deficiency anemia early in pregnancy can result in low birth weight subsequent to preterm delivery. Who and unicef estimate lbw in kenya as11% and 6%by 2009 kenya. Infants who weigh less than 2,500 g are considered low birth weight babies and if under 1,500 g are very low birth weight. The risk of placental infection across africa in unprotected women is high. Who recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth. The problem of low birth weight improving birth outcomes. Low birth weight lbw has for some time been one of the conditions an expectant woman has to worry about when it comes to the delivery of her baby. Safety and immunogenicity of early bacillus calmetteguerin. Percentage and number of low birthweight infants by unicef. In addition, complementary feeding practices are poor in kenya, as only 22 percent of breastfed children 6 23 months received a minimum acceptable diet knbs et al.
We examine the relationship of the price of maize and low birth weight to help quantify the impact of local food prices on one outcome of household food insecurity. Outdoor air pollution, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Birthweight is the first weight of the newborn obtained after birth. Low birth weight infants have a greater risk of poor health or death, require a longer period of hospitalisation after birth, and are more likely to develop significant disabilities. Reactive rapid plasma reagin rpr tests were titrated and confirmed with treponema haemagglutination test tpha. Factors associated with low birth weight among neonates born at olkalou district hospital, central region, kenya article pdf available in pan african medical journal 20 june 2015 with 510 reads. Prevention of malaria before conception or very early in pregnancy is predicted to greatly reduce incidence of low birthweight, especially in primigravidae. As per who criteria, incidence of lbw in india is 33% each year. Prevalence and correlates of low birth weight and preterm birth among kenyan women sudeep karki a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of public health university of washington 2016 committee. There are two categories of low birth weight babies. Birth rates declined for nearly all age groups of women under 35, but rose for women in their late 30s and early 40s. The study examined the relationship between oral health status periodontal disease and carious pulpal exposure cpe and preterm lowbirthweight ptlbw infant deliveries among tanzanianafrican mothers at muhimbili national hospital mnh, tanzania. This is in line with a previous study from pakistan reporting a higher risk of stunting at one year of age for low birth weight infants.
Women who came to deliver to pumwani maternity hospital pmh between april 1997 and march 1998 were tested for syphilis. There is accumulating evidence of the impact of low birth weight in adult age. The risk of fetal loss was 61% lower in the iptp with dihydroartemisininpiperaquine arm than it was in the sulfadoxinepyrimethamine arm. Data presented highlight a number of risk factors relevant to preterm and low birth weight in kenya as well as the coverage of important care for women and newborns from pregnancy, labor and. Incidence and recurrence risk of low birth weight in northern. Casimir ledoux sofeu, josiane warszawski, francis ateba ndongo, ida calixte penda, suzie tetang ndiang, georgette guemkam, nicaise makwet, felicite owona, anfumbom kfutwah, patrice tchendjou. Babies with a birth weight under 1500 grams are termed very low birth weight babies and are at the highest risk. Feeding practices in very preterm and very low birth weight. Low birth weight was a significant predictor of stunting and underweight at twelve months and underweight at six months of age. National, regional, and worldwide estimates of low. Prematurity is the worlds single biggest cause of new born deaths and 2nd leading cause of all child deaths after pneumonia. The 30 million low birth weight babies born annually 23. Factors associated with low birth weight among neonates born at olkalou district hospital, central region, kenya. Our calculations are the only contemporary estimates of the geographical distribution of placental infection and associated low birthweight.
Unicefwho estimates of the incidence of low birthweight, 2000. Who care of the preterm and lowbirthweight newborn. Aug 25, 2018 low birth weight is one of the global agendas that have an impact on the short and longterm health status. Low birth weight can cause complications in adult life, and is therefore a public health concern. Examining the link between food prices and food insecurity. Who recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes isbn 978 92 4 150898 8 for more information, please contact. Numerous reasons have been said to cause low birth weight including smoking by expectant mothers, premature births, young ages in motherhood, alcohol, multiple pregnancies,poor nutrition and insufficient prenatal healthcare, and as it now emerges air pollution is on the list as well. A structural model of birth weight germano mwabu abstract the paper investigates birth weight and its correlates in kenya using nationally representative data collected by the government in the early 1990s.
A multilevel analysis of prenatal care and birth weight in kenya. In this project we focus on kenya where roughly a third of households are food insecure. Low birth weight is one of the global agendas that have an impact on the short and longterm health status. Higher percentage of lbw deliveries were also reported in tanzania, kenya, nigeria, asian countries specifically southern india and oman as. The burden of lbw obtained in this study was in the same range as in some other countries. Nov 26, 2018 different primary studies in ethiopia showed the burden of low birth weight. Low birth weight continues to be a main cause of child morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of postpartum depression on infant feeding practices and malnutrition among women in an urban low income settlement in nairobikenya. Casimir ledoux sofeu, josiane warszawski, francis ateba ndongo, ida calixte penda, suzie tetang ndiang, georgette guemkam, nicaise makwet. Prevalence and factors associated with preterm birth at. It is an important indicator of the health status of an infant and a principal factor that determines the infant survival, physical and mental development in the future 2. In a recent kenyan study, a single oral dose of cephalosporin administered to pregnant. Its high time the kenya police enforced such regulations, says the kenya forum, for all our sakes, but particularly for the. Evidence shows that low birth weight has long lasting negative health consequences through its contribution to stunting, mental impairment and noncommunicable chronic diseases in later life.
The world health organization defines low birth weight lbw as a new born having a weight of less than 2,500 g at birth. Postpartum depression and infant feeding practices in a low. Great variability in enteral feeding practices for very preterm low birth weight in this study was almost similar to the results of other studies. Preterm infants are born before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. Low birth weight in perinatally hivexposed uninfected. Low birthweight lbw of less than 2500 g is an important marker of maternal and fetal health, predicting mortality, stunting, and adultonset chronic conditions. Prevention of malaria in pregnancy the lancet infectious. Birth outcomes have improved dramatically worldwide in the past 40 years. Low birth weight refers to those infants born weighing less than 2500g. Low birth weight is a major determinant of mortality, morbidity and disability in infancy and childhood and also has a longterm impact on health outcomes in adult life. Impact of malaria during pregnancy on low birth weight in sub. Currently, the burden of morbidity in this group of highrisk infants is undetected and unaddressed in many developing countries.
This article aimed to examine the association between maternal and infant hiv infection and low birth weight lbw central region, kenya article pdf available in pan african medical journal 20 june 2015 with 510 reads. Low birth weight remains a major public health problem affecting developing countries. The 30 million lowbirthweight babies born annually 23. Low birth weight is one of the major determinants of perinatal survival, infant morbidity and mortality as well as the risk of developmental disabilities and illnesses in future lives. Who recommendations on interventions to improve preterm. Correlation between maternal and infant hiv infection and low.
A crosssectional study from march 1 to april 1, 2018 was conducted. Johnstewart judd walson program authorized to offer degree. Longterm consequences of low birth weight sciencedirect. The contribution of low birth weight to neonatal admissions is also very significant accounting for 30% to 50% of admissions in most of the. Low birthweight is defined as less than 2,500 grams up to and including 2,499 grams. Nov 17, 2018 preterm birth born before 37 weeks of pregnancy and being small for gestational age, which are the reasons for low birth weight lbw, are also important indirect causes of neonatal deaths. Nov 17, 2015 data presented highlight a number of risk factors relevant to preterm and low birth weight in kenya as well as the coverage of important care for women and newborns from pregnancy, labor and. Global nutrition targets set at the world health assembly in 2012 include an ambitious 30% reduction in lbw prevalence between 2012 and 2025. Great variability in enteral feeding practices for very preterm download pdf 4. The factors associated with term low birth weight are pregnancy type, maternal age history of abortion, hemoglobin status, iron folic acid, and hiv status. Low birth weight lbw remains a global health challenge with both short and long term adverse consequences 1. Prevalence and factors associated with low birth weight. This article aimed to examine the association between maternal and infant hiv infection and low birth weight lbw in mombasa, kenya, were analysed. Prevalence and correlates of low birth weight and preterm.
Kenya 2014 dempgraphic and health survey key findings. Pdf low birth weight in a kenyan rural hospital researchgate. Thus, the barker theory and brenner hypothesis gain more power. Malaria during pregnancy can result in low birth weight lbw, an important risk factor for infant mortality. Low birth weight lbw is defined as the birth weight of live born infants below 2500 g, regardless of gestational age. The prevalence of low birth weight in olkalou district hospital was 12. Preterm birth low birth weight infants have a greater risk of poor health or death, require a longer period of hospitalisation after birth, and are more likely to develop significant disabilities unicef and who, 2004.
Maternal oral health status and preterm low birth weight at. Failure to regain birth weight among low birth weight infants by 21 days of age is a common problem in mulago hospital occurring in almost half of the neonates attending the kangaroo clinic. Vitamin a deficiency is relatively low at 9 percent in children under 5 years. Knowledge, attitude and practice of kangaroo mother care by postnatal mothers who gave birth to preterm and low birth weight babies in public hospitals, eastern ethiopia aklilu abrham roba, susan binoy and mahantesh a naganuri college of health and medical sciences, haramaya university, ethiopia.
Poor birth weight recovery among low birth weightpreterm. Prevalence and factors associated with low birth weight among. A funnel plot and eggers regression test were used to see publication bias. Low birth weight infants have a greater risk of poor health or death, require a longer period of hospitalisation after birth, and are more likely to. Low birth weight is not synonymous with preterm deliveries.
654 505 1461 344 865 1546 1181 851 818 1162 1196 474 1174 632 1032 538 1533 65 1155 1599 290 909 27 1405 1517 400 1062 1174 332 925 984 1559 691 46 1566 1543 987 1246 943 256 374 538 811 537 789 118 526